Brioche class at Le Nôtre Paris
/and is invited inside by pleasant staff ready to serve you coffee, water or whatever.
Pretty tasty too!
Gateau au chocolats from Des Gateaux et du Pain
/Café gourmand
/Richard's wife Pauline had the house version of apple pie which was more like a thick crepe filled with apples and raisins with vanilla ice cream on the side.
Méert pastry shop in Lille
/Peach blueberry buttermilk cake
/Cherry-berry feuilleté and peach buttermilk ice cream
/The summer annuals are showing off their colors here in Grand Rapids MI . . . .
lovely coleus in our little garden courtyard |
and the summer peaches are out in full force!
Fresh Michigan peaches are one of my favorite fruits. So of course I've been thinking of the many wonderful ways to use them. This time I was inspired by a peach buttermilk ice cream recipe from "Food and Wine" magazine.
I followed the recipe for my usual ice cream base (2 cups heavy cream, 1 cup whole milk, 3/4 cup sugar, 5 large egg yolks, pinch of salt) replacing the cup of whole milk with buttermilk. I blanched 1.5 pounds of peaches, then peeled, pitted, sliced and blender-ized them with a squeeze of lemon juice, folding the purée into the cooled base.
peach purée at the ready |
ice cream base finishing its chill down |
I usually chill my base in the fridge for a day or two, then process in my ice cream maker and transfer to a freezer container several hours before serving.
I also wanted to use some cherries and blueberries I had on hand to complement the peach ice cream in a dessert I was planning for a family meal. And, to top it off, there was some reverse puff pastry in my freezer just waiting to be made into something oh-so-delicious.
The beauty of the feuilleté preparation is that I can roll, shape and bake them ahead of time and hold them either at room temperature if using the same day, or in the freezer for a number of days if planning a bit farther ahead.
When ready to fill them, I simply push down the center layers of puff to make room for the fruit mixture that will be mounded in the feuilleté.
I mixed 4 cups of fruit (cherry/blueberry combo) with a teaspoon of fresh lemon juice, 3-4 tablespoons granulated sugar (I like my fruit on the tart side) and 1 tablespoon cornstarch. I then cooked this concoction on med-low heat until bubbly and thickened.
Note: this quantity of fruit filling was enough for 7-8 feuilletés about 3.5 inches square.
Then I scooped a mound of filling in the center of each feuilleté and baked at 350ºF for about 10-15 minutes. Since the puff pastry is already baked and the filling already cooked, it's really just a matter of heating everything up.
the end result! |
I know I've mentioned crumble before in this blog. It's a great thing to have on hand and is so easy to make. Make as much or as little as you'd like.
Simply mix equal weights flour and sugar in a medium bowl, sand in the same weight of cool, diced butter to form coarse crumbs. In this case I added some matcha powder with the flour and sugar (you don't need much).
Spread the crumbs out on a parchment lined sheet pan and bake at 325ºF, stirring and breaking up clumps every 5 minutes or so until lightly browned and crisp, 10-15 minutes total. Let cool.
Store in a zip-top bag in the freezer and use at will!
Mmmmmm! |
While the ice cream was a bit more icy in texture than I had hoped (I suspect due to using low fat buttermilk rather than whole milk, plus the water content of the fruit purée), the contrast of the tangy peachy coolness with the tart cherry-berry filling and buttery, flakey puff was oh-so-good indeed.
Three cheers for summer fruits! Hip hip hooray . . . .
Pavé aux amandes
/Periodically looking back at some of the classic recipes from pastry school, I recently decided to make a classic French pavé aux amandes, a moist, dense-but-not-heavy almond cake.
I think of this as one of the many treats that kids might enjoy for le gouter, the traditional afternoon snack time in France, usually around 4 pm. And of course adults wouldn't mind it either with a nice cup of coffee or tea.
Top it with a delicious whipped mascarpone cream and some fresh seasonal fruit and you have yourself a tasty dessert!
It's a simple and straight forward recipe, baked in a 9" square shallow pan lined with parchment, buttered, then sliced almonds layered on the bottom.
les ingredients |
Cream 125 gram softened butter with 200 grams sugar until blended. I do this in a medium bowl with a spatula, but you can also use a stand mixer with the paddle - just don't cream too long since you really don't want to aerate this batter. It's meant to be a dense cake.
Then blend in 250 grams egg (about 5 whole eggs) followed by 250 grams blanched almond flour.
Note: for a bit of variation add some orange zest and a splash of vanilla and/or almond extract to punch up the flavor. Yum.
And that's it! How easy is that, eh??
The trickiest part of this whole thing is transferring the batter to the prepared pan. Do it carefully - I place blobs of batter over sections of the pan, then gently spread so as not to dislodge the almonds on the bottom.
evenly spread and ready for the oven |
Bake at 325ºF for about 45 minutes until the top is golden brown, there is no jiggling in the center and it feels firm to touch. You'll see a few moist crumbs if checking with a skewer or cake tester.
Carefully run a knife around the edges of the cake and turn it out onto a cooling rack.
Once cooled, dust the top with powdered sugar and dig in!
The flavor is subtly almond, the texture is dense yet light and the crumb oh-so-moist.
And guess what - Steve liked it!! Yay!!!
Cherry hazelnut clafoutis tart
/As the season continues and other stone fruits and blueberries are starting to show their faces, I just had to make something using Michigan cherries before they're no longer available.
We were slated to attend a Bastille Day celebration put on by the GR chapter of L'Alliance Française, and I had promised to bring a dessert. Cherry clafoutis came to mind, this time as a tart.
I lined a 240 mm tart ring with a standard pâte sucrée and blind baked it first.
going into the oven |
The filling is very straight forward.
les ingredients |
Place 3 large eggs into a bowl; whisk in 100 grams sugar, 25 grams almond flour, 150 ml heavy cream, 25 grams melted butter, 1/2 tablespoon vanilla extract, 1/2 tablespoon flour and 30 grams hazelnuts (coarsely chopped).
Place 300 grams pitted and halved cherries into the blind baked shell . . .
pour the egg/cream mixture over them . . . .
and bake at 350ºF for 30-40 minutes until the filling is set.
et voilà! |
For serving I topped the tart with a hazelnut crumble which I had baked ahead of time and had in my freezer.
FYI: a basic crumble is equal weights flour, sugar and cold, diced butter - make as much as your heart desires.
Add in the same weight of your favorite chopped nut (or less as you see fit) and you have a delicious crunchy topping to complement your tart.
Or add in some citrus zest and your choice of spice like cinnamon, coriander, cardamom or nutmeg - you get the idea.
Baked or unbaked, you can freeze it to have on hand for lots of things.
Happy July 4th!!!
/It's a beautiful day here in West Michigan and Steve and I look forward to celebrating the holiday this afternoon at Clear Lake with the extended TenHave clan.
Cherry-berry cobbler is on the dessert menu.
I'll give you a quick narrative (hmmm - do I ever do anything quickly in this blog?) of the recipe, my take on a peach blackberry cobbler from Emily Luchetti's book "Four-Star Desserts".
And since this is, after all, a classic American holiday, I'm giving you the ingredients in traditional American measures.
The cobbler topping is a delectable cornmeal dough made by combining 3/4 cup all purpose flour, 1/4 cup cornmeal (I used fine yellow), 2 tablespoons granulated sugar and a pinch of salt.
Sand in one stick (4 oz) cool, diced butter to coarse crumbs, toss in 1-2 tablespoons ice water and mix just until it comes together. Easy-peasy!!
Roll the dough out between sheets of parchment or plastic wrap to a thickness of about 1/4 inch then chill in the fridge.
Cut desired shapes (I opted for a stars and stripes motif bien sûr) and hold them in the fridge or freezer until ready to use.
Heat your oven to 350ºF.
For a 9x13 clear Pyrex dish I prepped about 8 cups of fruit, about half of which was a combo of Rainier and dark sweet cherries that I had purchased at the Fulton Farmer's market. Blueberries and raspberries filled out the mix.
Toss the fruit with a mixture of 1/2- 3/4 cup granulated sugar (see NOTE), 4 tablespoons cornstarch, a large pinch of salt and a half dozen or so grates of fresh nutmeg. I also added about 1/4 teaspoon ground coriander. Squeeze a bit of lemon juice in to help brighten the taste of the fruit.
NOTE: when adding sugar, consider the natural sweetness or tartness of the fruit you are using; start your sugar addition on the lower end of the scale and add as needed to taste.
As you can see above, I have my dough cut and ready to go.
Place the fruit mixture in the Pyrex dish, drizzle 6 tablespoons melted butter over it and top with the dough shapes.
Egg wash the dough and sprinkle with sugar. I like raw sugar - it gives the finished product a nice crunch.
ready for the oven |
Bake at 350ºF for about 40-45 minutes until the topping is golden brown and the fruit filling is bubbling.
et voilà! |
You can be sure we'll be enjoying this later in the day with some vanilla ice cream, oh yeah.
And a Happy July 4th to all!!
Michigan cherry charlotte
/There are so many delicious things to make with sweet cherries, and, since I had some petite lady fingers in my freezer, my mind turned toward a cherry version of a classic charlotte.
A charlotte is a dessert assembled in a mold lined with lady fingers, sponge cake or bread and then filled with a fruit mousse, Bavarian cream, whipped cream or custard.
I remember making a pear version in pastry school and recall it was quite tasty indeed. I don't believe I've made one since.
It was time.
First a brief note about lady fingers. They belong in the category of sponge cake and are really quite straight forward to make.
To prepare for piping the lady fingers I marked a half sheet pan in 3 inch wide increments as a guide for my piping. You can make your lady fingers any size your little heart desires!
The base recipe we used at Le Cordon Bleu calls for 4 eggs, separated; 125 grams sugar and 125 grams all purpose flour.
The egg whites are whipped to medium stiff peaks along with half the sugar. The yolks are then whisked with the other half of the sugar until pale and thickened and are folded into the beaten whites.
beaten yolks and whites plus flour ready to be added |
Then half the flour is gently folded into the egg mixture, followed by the second half of the flour just until blended. Don't overwork it.
all folded and ready to pipe |
Pipe the batter in rows . . . . .
ready for the oven |
I had served some of the lady fingers sandwiched with lemon curd and strawberry jam at a recent demo presentation, but the rest went into the freezer (they freeze very well!) just waiting to be incorporated into a luscious, creamy charlotte.
I used a 16 centimeter round ring mold for my charlotte assembly and opted to bake a round of tart cherry shortbread as my base.
ready for the oven |
Once the shortbread base was baked and cooled, I lined the ring rather rustically with waxed paper sheets, put the shortbread base in and coated it with a brushing of chocolate ganache. This was meant to protect it from the soon-to-come cherry mousse filling and keep it crisp.
I then lined the ring sides and base with the lady fingers and imbibed them with vanilla simple syrup.
I wasn't quite ready to make my cherry mousse so I popped the assemblage into the freezer to await the final stages.
For the mousse I needed cherry purée, whipped cream and Italian meringue (boy, I haven't made THAT in forever!!).
I puréed 130 grams of pitted and halved cherries with about a tablespoon of sugar, a generous squeeze of lemon juice and a couple of teaspoons of water.
yup - looks like a purée |
I made a small batch of Italian meringue by cooking 50 grams sugar and 20 ml water to 118ºC . . . .
then pouring the sugar syrup over one whipped egg white and whipping until cooled and nicely shiny and stiff.
(Note to self - plan ahead for various uses and make a larger batch of Italian meringue next time!)
Then I whipped 150 ml heavy cream to soft peaks.
Below are all three components ready to be blended.
Once the mousse was blended I filled my lady finger lined charlotte ring and smoothed the top.
I placed the charlotte into the freezer to set.
For my garnish I used 120 grams of pitted and halved cherries, cooked them with a little sugar, cornstarch and lemon juice until thickened, then let them cool.
Once the mousse was set (after an hour or so in the freezer), I topped it with the cooled cherries and added a rim of crushed chocolate shortbread cookies to give it a bit of flair.
Michigan cherry charlotte |
And, of course, for dessert we three simply had to sample the cherry charlotte.
We agreed that the mousse was SOOO . . light with a clear taste of cherries. The shortbread crust, cherry topping and dashes of chocolate all made for a tasty combination.
And after an overnight in the fridge it was still delicious the next day - yessirree!
Here's to summer!!
Back to basics - pâte brisée
/now THAT's flaky
In the wake of a tart class that I taught a few months back, when my apple tarts baked with pâte brisée came out soggy and under baked, I was determined to revisit the techniques involved in making this classic dough. (SIDE NOTE: in my defense the apple filling prepped by an eager culinary student was way too soupy, and the oven I used was not familiar to me, but I still felt the need for a refresher!)
Known to pie and tart bakers as flaky pie dough, pâte brisée can cause the most confident baker to question why, why, why doesn't this dough come out perfectly EVERY time?! Some years ago I compared a number of recipes and methods for pâte brisée and came away with a version that was delicious and seemed to be just the thing. But since then, even though I've used the same recipe and technique every time, I've had my share of less than stellar results. Maybe it's just me, eh?
I proceeded to look at recipes from Christophe Felder (one of my favorite tart makers) and Thomas Keller of French Laundry/Bouchon Bakery fame. In addition I obtained the recipe that the bakers at Nonna Cafe in Ada use (I've had their quiche many times and the crust is always deeelish!). The last addition to my test quartet was the recipe I've been using for years.
Truth be told, many pâte brisée recipes are very similar, but what intrigued me about these four was the difference in ratios of butter to flour, how much water is added and how the ingredients are brought together.
Here we go!
Pâte brisée is simply flour, cold butter, salt and ice water (some recipes add a bit of sugar too). In the photo below I've provided the amounts of butter and flour for each of the four recipes. From left to right you see the following ratios plus baker’s percentages for the butter: Felder (CF): butter:flour at 1:2 (50%); Keller (TK) 1:1.35 (74%); me (SV): 1:1.44 (69%); Nonna (N): 1:1.18 (85%) (getting much closer to 1:1!).
In this test I'm using Challenge unsalted butter made in California with the claim that it is from cows not treated with growth hormone rbST. I've been using it for some months now and it's good.
I've discovered over the years, working with various tart and shortbread doughs, that the closer the weight of butter gets to the weight of flour in the dough (butter weight is typically about 2/3 flour weight), the more tender and delectable the end result.
At any rate, this promised to be interesting.
Below are the four finished doughs with all ingredient amounts listed. The Felder recipe makes a larger quantity than the other three, but you can still appreciate the ingredient ratios.
Just a note - the TK, SV and N recipes are typically double (enough for two 9" tarts or pies) what I note below. I made smaller recipes for testing purposes.
So how are these all put together, you might ask? I've always followed the "flaking" method when making pâte brisée by hand.This involves working pieces of cold butter into the flour and salt, purposely leaving large "flakes" or flat pieces of butter in the mixture. Cold water is then added in increments and mixed lightly and quickly until the dough holds together. The dough is then wrapped and chilled before rolling it out for use.
Here are the differences in technique for the other three doughs.
Felder calls for soft butter to which is added the salt, sugar and flour. The mixture is sanded by hand to coarse crumbs, then 120 gm ice water is added and mixed gently until the dough comes together. The amount of water to flour is much higher in his recipe. He claims that this dough holds very well after baking, doesn't soften and is great for juicy fruit fillings.
Keller's method involves mixing half the flour with the salt, adding butter pieces on low speed in a mixer until NO butter is visible. Then on med-low speed the remaining flour is added, followed by the water. Mix until just combined, wrap and chill.
Nonna's dough is made with a food processor, although I chose to sand the butter in by hand. Place the flour and salt in the bowl, pulse in the cold, diced butter to achieve coarse crumbs, then add the ice water and pulse just until it comes together. Wrap and chill.
All just a little bit different!
Once the four doughs were chilled I rolled them out to make 80 mm filled and baked blueberry tarts and blind baked then filled lemon tarts.
Here are the rings lined for the blueberry tarts.
Here's what I observed when rolling these doughs.
The Felder dough, even after a good chill, felt weirdly spongy and soft (NOT in a good way). It was sticky and didn't hold its shape well when lining the ring.
The Keller dough was smooth, firm and tight, rolled beautifully and held very nicely when lining the ring.
My SV dough felt a bit rougher and drier than the others, although rolled well and held when lining the ring.
The Nonna dough felt soft (in a good way) - not too wet, not too dry - rolled nicely and held well when lining the ring.
I popped the lined rings into the freezer to firm up before baking.
First the blueberry tarts. I sprinkled some fine, dry bread crumbs in the bottom of the tart shells - this is meant to create a barrier between the filling and the crust to help reduce the chance for sogginess. Then I filled each with fresh blueberries that were tossed in a little lemon juice, sugar and flour ( for four 80 mm tarts I used a generous 3 cups of berries with 1-2 teaspoons lemon juice, 4 - 6 tablespoons sugar (or to taste) and 2 tablespoons of flour).
Heat the oven to 425 F. Here they are ready to go in.
I gave these 5 minutes then decreased the oven temp to 400 F. Continue baking another 20-25 minutes or so until the berries are bubbly and the crust is nicely browned.
I sprinkled vanilla sugar atop the blueberry tarts once out of the oven.
I also rolled out some scraps of each dough to bake all by themselves. I wanted to see how they puffed and tasted sans filling. A sprinkle of vanilla sugar gave them just the right something.
It's a bit difficult to see from the photo above, but all of the scrap pieces puffed up nicely, except the Felder dough. Here’s the Nonna dough, beautifully flaky.
Now for the blind baked tarts with oven temp at 400ºF.
Freeze the lined rings for 10-15 minutes then fill with parchment rounds and dry beans.
Bake with weights for 15 minutes, remove weights and bake an additional 5-8 minutes until nicely browned. Always pay attention to what's going on inside your oven!!
All four doughs held their shape pretty well during baking with the usual amount of shrinkage away from the rings.
After reducing the oven temp to 300ºF I filled them with my current favorite lemon filling and baked them until the filling was set, about 10-15 minutes. Check out my post from 2/16/16 on lemon-lime tart and here’s a link to two of my favorite tarte au citron recipes.
Now for the tasting. Steve was on hand for the event, my ever present tasting guru. First the blueberry.
I realize you can't appreciate the difference in the doughs visually, but the first thing I checked was how they all felt when portioning them with a serrated knife, followed by how easily they cut with a fork.
Felder's crust was tough, both when slicing with a knife and when cutting with a fork. It was chewy in the mouth, not flaky or tender and the flavor was dull. No thanks.
Keller's cut very easily with both knife and fork, was tender and crisp with a pleasant and agreeable flavor.
Mine was just a tad resistant to cutting compared to Keller's, slightly less tender but crisp in the mouth with good flavor.
Nonna's cut easily with great flavor and texture.
All of the above observations held when tasting the plain baked scraps of dough. Felder's was chewy and tough, broke apart with a bend rather than a crisp snap without any flakiness. The other three were flaky, crisply tender and delicious.
When cutting and tasting the lemon tarts, the same observations held true. (Love that lemon filling!)
Felder was the obvious loser. However the other three were all good, leaving me with the question - now what?!
As if you haven't already had enough, I decided to do just a bit more reading and research and came upon one more technique that sounded promising. I'll credit this one to Kristen Rosenau who writes the blog "Pastry Affair" (http://www.pastryaffair.com).
First I tweaked my recipe (it's coming at the end, I promise!) by increasing the butter to bring the butter:flour ratio to 1:1.25 (80%), in between TK and N.
In Kristen's by-hand method she takes half of the diced cold butter and sands it into the flour and salt. Then she adds the other half of the butter in larger diced pieces and "flakes" them, leaving flat pieces of butter visible. Add the ice water incrementally and once the dough holds together, turn it out onto a piece of parchment or plastic wrap. There may very well be some crumbly pieces at the edges. Don't worry.
Using the plastic wrap as an aid, fold the dough in three.
Flatten and turn it 90 degrees then fold in three again (basically a rustic version of puff pastry).
Flatten, wrap and chill for a good hour or more.
I then performed the same steps as with the quartet of doughs already described, making a filled and baked blueberry tart, a blind baked and filled lemon tart and baking a piece of the dough all by itself.
Ready for the oven above and all baked below.
Here’s the au naturel dough all baked up.
And the finished lemon tart.
Of course while the blueberry and lemon tarts were cooling, I just had to snitch a taste of the plain crust - YUM! Tender, flaky and all around delicious.
Once they were cooled, Steve and I tasted the blueberry and lemon versions and found the crust to be wonderfully tender, flaky and buttery. And, to top it off, they were still delicious the next day! I like that.
So here's my version that I intend to use from this day forward.
Pâte brisée (makes approximately 645 gms of dough, MORE than enough for two 9" tarts; just freeze what you don't need). Click here for a printable PDF version.
325 grams all purpose flour
3/4 teaspoon salt
OPT: one tablespoon granulated sugar
260 grams cold, unsalted butter (1/2 small-dice, 1/2 large-dice)
60 ml (4 tablespoons) ice cold water
Mix the flour, salt and sugar (if using) in a large bowl.
Sand in the small-dice butter with your finger tips to achieve coarse crumbs.
Flake in the large-dice butter leaving flat, largish pieces in the mixture.
Add 1/2 the water, toss with a fork then toss and gently squeeze with your hands. Add additional water by tablespoon until the dough holds together.
NOTE: if the dough still seems dry and too crumbly to hold together (as it might on a cold, dry winter's day), continue to add additional tablespoons as needed but don't exceed 120 ml (8 tablespoons).
Place the dough onto a piece of parchment or plastic wrap; using the wrap as an aid, flatten the dough and fold into thirds. Turn 90 degrees, flatten and fold in thirds again. Flatten, wrap and chill for at least an hour or overnight.
If you don't intend to use the dough for a couple of days, freeze it well wrapped for up to 3 months. A day before you wish to use it remove it from the freezer and place in the fridge to thaw overnight.
While this may not have been the most scientific of studies, it was indeed illuminating. I love experimenting and learning, especially when I get to work with dough. Yeah.
Have lots of fun folks!!
Croissants revisited
/Always eager to try a new technique or two when it comes to croissant making, I opted to give Thomas Keller and Sebastien Rouxel’s recipe from “Bouchon Bakery” a try. With its decidedly French flair and way of doing things I figured what could be bad about that, eh?
I haven't made croissants in some months, and, now that our kitchen remodel is finished (a much improved and fantastic work space!), it was definitely time.
I looked back to my October, 2014 croissant post written soon after I first started this blog. At that time I compared my usual method with Philippe Conticini's of Pâtisserie des Rêves and found his sorely lacking, both in process and in final product.
This time I compared Keller/Rouxel's method with the one that I had developed for myself some years ago.
WARNING! Technical stuff coming up!!
Here are just a few things in the Bouchon recipe that vary from my usual method: a pre-ferment (poolish) that sits for 12-15 hours; water instead of milk; higher butter:flour ratio; slightly higher in sugar; long kneading time (20 minutes!); different technique to envelop the butter; freezing the dough for 20 minutes in between all steps; different shaping technique; lower oven baking temperature - whew, that's a lot!
This post is geared to those of you who are familiar with the steps of croissant making. If you've never made croissants, there are tons of resources available that will help you understand the process.
Let's go through some of the steps in pictures. Once past the poolish steps I show comparisons between Bouchon's dough and mine.
Bouchon poolish
poolish after a 15 hour overnight
lengthy knead of Bouchon dough
smooth, tight Bouchon dough vs. my more lax and open structured dough
Below are two commonly used ways of enveloping the butter - what I like to think of as rectangle vs "baseball diamond". They both work, so you choose.
ready to envelop the butter
packages ready to roll
first turn completed
second turn completed
The Bouchon dough on the left is smoother and tighter than mine, however rolling it was a more arduous task since it was more elastic and required more rolling pressure.
Freezing the Bouchon dough for 20 minutes in between each step didn't seem detrimental, but I must admit that I prefer my usual method of resting the dough in the fridge as opposed to the freezer. For me the primary issue is that the butter be cool yet malleable and not too cold and hard to break apart during the rolling.
Once all turns were completed I divided each dough into two in preparation for final rolling and shaping. Check out the layers below.
The Bouchon dough is tighter and the laminations look more precise . . . .
Bouchon dough
whereas my dough looks more rough.
my dough
Once the doughs were rolled out and cut into triangles, I shaped them using the approaches below. I had never seen the Bouchon method of turning the corners IN before rolling the croissant. Interesting.
Here are the rolled up end results.
I egg washed and proofed . . . .
ready for the oven
then egg washed again and baked just a few of each (the remainder of the shaped and unbaked croissants went into my freezer).
Unusual for me was the 325ºF oven temp recommended for the Bouchon version, whereas I bake my croissants at 400ºF. I was taught that the hotter oven temp helps the initial oven rise when baking laminated dough.
The Bouchon version required 40-45 minutes before I was happy with the degree of browning. Mine looked good after the usual 20 minutes or so.
Bouchon on left, mine on right
The size difference is due to the fact that Bouchon's recipe is a slightly larger amount of dough cut into 16 portions, whereas mine is cut into 12 portions, yielding larger croissants.
Once cooled it was time for cutting and tasting. The Bouchon croissants felt heavy. What a disappointment when I found the interior to be doughy with flat layering and a vacant space in the center!
Bouchon version
My version felt light to the touch and exhibited a honeycombed, airy interior. While I would like to see more distinct laminated layers, the appearance still beat Bouchon's.
my version
While the Bouchon version had a crisp, shard producing exterior and a decent flavor with a hint of sweetness, the texture was doughy and unpleasant, and the croissant left a greasiness on my fingertips and lips that suggested too much butter for my taste.
Bouchon version
My version had some decent crisp exterior shards, although not as impressive as Bouchon's.
my version
When all was said and done, it was clear to me that I should stick with what I know. I'd still consider tweaking my approach with perhaps a slightly longer kneading time, but otherwise I'll move forward with my standard recipe and technique.
I always love experimenting - it's one of the best ways to learn!!
And remember - there's never an end to the story.
Petite Pavlova
/For last weekend's Mother's Day a friend asked if I would make a Pavlova with fresh berries for her Sunday dinner celebration with family. As I was in the mode, I decided to make some small versions for my own use. Et pourquoi pas?!
Pavlova, reportedly named after the Russian ballerina Anna Pavlova who danced in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, is a baked meringue that is typically filled with whipped cream and topped with fresh fruit of choice.
The French also use the word vacherin (NOT the cheese) for a similar meringue based dessert, often filled with ice cream and topped with fresh fruit. Ice cream? Whipped cream? Either one works, so you decide!
A general meringue formula uses approximately 2 parts sugar to 1 part egg white, often with a pinch of salt or cream of tartar added to help the mixture hold its shape once whipped.
My base recipe for an 8-9 inch Pavlova calls for 4 large egg whites, a pinch of salt and a cup of superfine sugar whipped to glossy peaks. Since I was making an 8 inch-er plus a bunch of small ones I made 1.5 times the recipe. Plenty for my needs.
There are three methods of making meringue.
The French method, which I use here, involves whipping sugar and room temperature egg whites to glossy, stiff peaks, piping out shapes and drying them in a low oven to achieve a crispy exterior with a somewhat chewy interior.
love those peaks! |
The Swiss method involves heating the sugar and whites over a barely simmering bain marie and then whipping them until cooled, glossy and peaked. This version is more stable and can be piped and shaped.
Side note: I used the Swiss method when I made "Baked Rhode Island" (a Kenyon's white cornmeal cake/coffee ice cream version of "Baked Alaska") at Gracie's in Providence many years ago. I piped a lot of those little babies! Reminds me of a hedgehog or sea urchin!
Gracie's "Baked Rhode Island" |
And last but not least is the Italian method. This calls for boiling a sugar syrup to the soft ball stage (240-245ºF), cooling it slightly, then pouring it over stiffly beaten whites while continuing to whisk until completely cool and glossy. This is the most stable of the three and can be used alone or as a base for buttercream for cake icing or folded into mousses and creams to lighten them. Some French macaron recipes call for Italian meringue as well.
Let's get on with the petite Pavlovas!
Once my French meringue was nicely whipped I blended in a mixture of 1.5 teaspoons each of cornstarch, water and vanilla extract. This served to add a bit of flavor from the vanilla as well as enhance the crispy tenderness of the meringue.
For piping I used a simple trick that I had learned back in 2007 during my stage at Pâtisserie Pascal Pinaud in Paris - use a round cutter or tart ring dipped in confectioner's sugar to provide a size guide for your desired shapes. Pretty nifty!
Psst! I prefer to bake meringues (macarons included) on Silpats - they pop off very easily once baked.
I piped simple circles with a star tip while my oven was heating to 300ºF . . . .
. . . popped them into the oven, turned the temp down to 250ºF and left them in to bake (i.e. dry) for 1.25 hours. Then I turned the oven off and let it cool down before removing the meringues.
all dried out |
Invariably there will be some cracks in the finished product, but that's par for the course. Don't worry.
These will keep for several days in a covered container in a cool, non-humid environment OR can be frozen for several weeks. Just pop a few out as you need them!
I chose to fill my petite Pavlovas with a whipped ricotta cream (one cup ricotta whipped with 1/2 cup heavy cream) to which I added seeds scraped from a vanilla bean and my homemade caramel sauce. What's not to like!
see those vanilla bean specks? |
I must confess that I'm not a big meringue fan (sorry you macaron lovers), but I found this combination quite pleasing. The meringue was crisp with a hint of chew inside and the ricotta creamy and luscious with vanilla and caramel. Yum. And, of course, you simply CAN NOT go wrong with fresh fruit.
And to top it off, as a test I put several of these (uncovered no less) in my fridge for a day. Boy oh boy, were Steve and I pleased! The flavor was superb, the exterior of the meringue still crisp, the interior had softened to near gooey-ness and even the fruit was none the worse for wear after a day sitting next to leftovers.
Yes indeed.
And wouldn't you know I still have several meringues in my freezer and some freshly churned lemon ice cream waiting to go?
Now what do you think of that?!
My first afternoon tea menu
/le menu |
la table |
orange currant and lemon scones |
finger sandwiches |
sweet treats |
salted caramel, chocolate and lime ginger shortbread |
Strawberry pistachio feuilletés
/Forever scheming about ways to use ingredients I have on hand, whether in the freezer or cupboard, I hit upon feuilletés, puff pastry cases filled with whatever your little heart desires.
Our local grocery store, Meijer, has recently started carrying local Michigan, greenhouse-grown strawberries, which look world's better than the usual year round California giant, and often anemic looking, berries.
not bad for "out of season" fruit |
I also had some pistachio paste on hand and decided on a pistachio pastry cream filling topped with fresh strawberries and pistachio crumble for this particular adventure.
I rolled out my puff, cut squares and fashioned the turned-corner feuilletés as seen in the photo below. I popped them into the freezer while heating the oven to 425ºF.
Once the oven came up to temp, I brushed them with a little milk, sprinkled on some vanilla sugar and baked them with an overturned cooling grid across the top of the sheet pans - this technique keeps the puff even as it rises.
After about 10-15 minutes I removed the cooling grids and continued baking until nicely puffed and golden brown (another 10 minutes or so).
just out of the oven |
love those layers! |
I had made a classic crème pâtissiere au pistache earlier that day. I added a bit of whipped cream to lighten the chilled pistachio cream.
Once the feuilletés were cooled, I simply pushed down their centers to make room for the filling, piped in some pistachio pastry cream and topped them with slices of strawberry. Pistachio crumble finished them off, along with a dusting of powdered sugar.
Et voila!
These made for a delicious flaky, buttery, creamy, fruity, crunchy treat after a traditional Easter dinner of ham, cheesy potatoes, asparagus, strawberry spinach salad, carrot souffle and more.
Tasty. Now just get into YOUR kitchen and create your own version of feuilletés!
Yes indeed.
Hot cross buns
/Last week, as the days ticked by before Easter, I kept thinking about the hot cross buns my mom used to buy at the Fremont bakery when we were kids. They were always a treat back then, and, since I hadn't eaten one in years and had never made them myself, I thought it was high time.
There are a variety of stories about the history of these buns, a topic I'll let you research for yourself.
Popular in many countries, particularly with the Brits, these lightly spiced, yeasted, fruit-studded sweet buns are traditionally served during the Lenten period leading up to Easter, particularly on Good Friday.
They are usually baked with raisins or currants mixed into the dough, although some recipes suggest other dried fruits or candied citron. I considered dried tart cherries and apricots for a somewhat more modern switch, but ultimately went with currants, orange zest and spices.
As usual, I did a bit of recipe research, including checking out Joy of Cooking (which has been sitting on my cookbook shelf for years). Joy's recipe is basically a Parker House roll with a few tweaks. I found a few other sources and compared amounts of sugar and egg, opting for less of those two ingredients in creating my own version.
Let's go!
les ingredients |
Here I'm working in my mom's kitchen since ours is currently under renovation. Just a couple more weeks, and I'm back into the baking swing at home. Can't wait!
This dough is a straight forward direct dough, meaning there is no starter, pre-ferment, poolish or sponge (for all you bread bakers out there). It comes together easily, is on the moist side once mixed, and kneads up into a luscious, soft, silky dough.
First I briefly microwaved 3/4 cup currants in 1/4 orange juice to plump them up, then let them cool.
Add 10 grams instant yeast to 240 ml (1 cup) tepid whole milk, along with a pinch of brown sugar and let sit for 10 minutes or so until foamy. Whisk in 75 grams melted (but not hot!) unsalted butter, 1 egg yolk and 1.5 teaspoons vanilla extract.
In a separate large mixing bowl whisk together 390 grams (3 cups) all purpose flour, 50 grams (1/4 cup) brown sugar, zest of two oranges, 3/4 tsp kosher salt, 1/2 tsp coriander, 1/4 tsp allspice, 1/4 tsp powdered ginger and a few fresh grates of nutmeg (or more according to your taste).
Make a well in the center of the dry ingredients and pour the liquid in.
yup - wet and dry |
Mix with a wooden spoon or spatula until moistened and the dough comes together in shaggy ball.
Drain the currants and briefly knead them in.
Turn the dough out onto a floured surface and knead by hand for about 8 minutes until the dough becomes soft and elastic.
I love kneading by hand and getting a real feel for the dough, but you can also knead in a stand mixer with the dough hook for about 4-5 minutes.
finished kneading |
Place the dough in a lightly buttered bowl . . . .
cover and let rise in a warm environment for about 1 to 1 1/2 hours until about doubled. I planned it so I could go out for my daily walk during the rise. Not a bad deal, eh?
after the first rise |
Now divide the dough into 15 pieces of sixty grams each (about 2 ounces) and form into balls.
Place them in a buttered 9x13 pan . . . .
cover with buttered plastic wrap and let rise about 45-60 minutes until puffed and touching.
after the second rise |
Heat the oven to 375ºF.
Brush the rolls with egg wash or milk and bake about 25 minutes until nicely browned.
right out of the oven - smells great! |
Once cooled a bit, gently pull the rolls apart and finish cooling them on a wire rack.
looks just like a good roll should |
To make the icing I mixed 1 cup confectioner's sugar with 1 tablespoon milk and a teaspoon of vanilla extract, yielding a consistency just right for piping.
Soft, lightly sweetened, citrus scented, spiced pillows of goodness indeed.
Not bad for my first hot cross buns.
Afternoon tea at the Townsend Hotel
/a medley of petite treats |
After a lovely week of warmer weather and sunshine, spring is doing its best to hold sway, even though this week looks to be cooler and intermittently rainy. But you know what they say . . . . showers bring spring flowers and all that.
early primroses blooming in our little courtyard |
This past Sunday Steve and I took a drive over to the other side of the state to pay a visit to the Townsend Hotel in Birmingham, Michigan for their afternoon tea. As I consider how I might go about offering such an enjoyment to small groups here in Grand Rapids, I'm always up for seeing how different places manage that particular delight.
Birmingham is a northern suburb of Detroit. Due to the pouring rain, we weren't able to stroll around the ville, but as we drove through the main business district, we sensed an upscale community with an array of interesting shops and eateries.
Upon our arrival at the hotel, the hostess introduced us to Laura Klein, the tea director. Laura and I had communicated by email in past weeks, and it was good to finally meet her in person.
We were ushered into the tea room, a lovely muraled space with a fireplace, fireside sofas and several traditional tables which were all set for tea. Steve and I chose a cozy spot along the wall with a nice view of the fireplace across the room.
ready and waiting for guests |
There were orange cranberry scones already in place on Wedgwood's Oberon pattern china - soft autumnal colors which blended very nicely with the overall decor of the room.
Mascarpone cream and house made lemon curd were in place as accompagnements for the scones . . .
in addition to small jam jars of Dickinson and Bonne Mamam (our favorite "store bought").
The Townsend offers Harney and Sons teas, and the Earl Grey won out over the raspberry herbal for us. Ginger, our server, was immediately at hand to pour, and she kept our cups topped off throughout our stay.
Laura stopped at our table often and was very willing to share her tea expertise, answering my questions and giving me advice and tips on how one might proceed in developing an afternoon tea concept. Her best advice - as you start out "keep it simple"!
Once our tea had been served we started in on the scones - crisp exterior, moist interior and a noticeable orange essence, although I felt the baking powder taste was a bit too forward. The mascarpone and lemon curd pleasantly complimented the orange-cranberry.
Soon the tea sandwiches and sweets were delivered . . . .
offering a generous and traditional assortment (with some Townsend twists) of finger sandwiches and petite sweets.
Below are salmon/egg salad/crème fraiche/caviar on wheat and beef tenderloin/citrus horseradish cream/watercress on rye . . . .
followed by chicken salad/maple walnut butter on puff pastry, hummus/cucumber/tapenade on pita and asparagus/boursin topped with quail egg on white.
My favorites were the asparagus/quail egg and the chicken salad, although the beef/citrus horseradish was pretty tasty as well.
I found the hummus/cucumber/tapenade too briny, but I must admit I'm not a huge olive/pimento fan.
The sweets medley consisted of chocolate covered strawberry, white chocolate raspberry teacup, chocolate glazed éclair and orange flavored teacake, providing a pleasant spectrum of textures and flavors.
Steve had decided ahead of time that he wouldn't partake of the traditional tea, and so he ordered an omelette with potatoes and English muffin - pretty basic Sunday noon fare and plenty to eat.
We continued chatting with Laura as we sipped our tea and took some breaks between taste testing.
For the pièce de resistance we were surprised by beautifully presented trays of petite sweets, prepared expressly for us by the hotel's pastry chef.
Lavender cupcake, fresh fruit tartlet, strawberry and mango gelées in pastry shells, green tea mousse and raspberry cream éclair - quite a selection!
While the assortment was pleasing to the eye, when it came time to taste, I found the gelées a tad too gelatinous and the strawberry and mango flavors not as fresh and natural as I had hoped.
The fresh fruit tart was delicious and the pastry shells were not at all bad for commercially stamped out products.
It's all about learning, all the time!
Laura was kind enough to send some samples of their loose and bagged teas home with us as well as "doggie boxes" of left over treats.
Our visit was a positive and enjoyable experience. The ambience of the tea room is just right, the staff are knowledgeable and attentive, eager to please and very willing to talk about their trade with the likes of us. The menu is well thought out and offers an array of tastes and textures.
Try it sometime and see for yourself.
Not bad for a Sunday drive, wouldn't you say?!
Orange clove bread
/This one is fun and the recipe lends itself to your own flavor variations. Go for it.
While generally not a huge fan of cloves, I figured what the heck, I'll give this one a try. The "pull apart" nature of the finished product pulled (pun intended) me in.
This is a yeasted bread so put that into your planning agenda.
It's an easy dough to prepare and potentially requires a few hours (total) of rising time, depending on how warm your kitchen is.
Let's go.
les ingredients |
Have a large buttered bowl ready.
Bring 120 ml (1/2 cup) whole milk to a boil (I did it in the microwave), remove from the heat and add 56 grams (1/2 stick) unsalted butter to melt it. Let it cool to about 105ºF.
Blend 1 large egg, lightly beaten and 1 tablespoon vanilla extract into the milk-butter mixture.
the liquid and dry ingredients |
In the bowl of a stand mixer (or a large bowl) whisk together 130 grams (1 cup) all purpose flour, 130 grams (1 cup) bread flour, 56 grams (1/4 cup) sugar, 1 1/2 teaspoons active dry yeast, 1/2 teaspoon kosher salt and 1/8 teaspoon ground cloves.
Add the milk mixture and mix with the paddle attachment ( or with a wooden spoon) until just combined.
Switch to the dough hook and knead on low speed about 6 minutes until smooth and elastic (or knead on a work surface by hand for about 12 minutes).
after the mixer knead |
I turned the dough out onto my pastry board and gave it a few quick hand kneads, formed a ball and placed it in my buttered container for the first rise.
ready to rise |
My rise took about 1 1/2 hours.
During that time you can prepare the filling. Mix 75 grams (1/3 cup) granulated sugar with the grated zest of 2 oranges and 1/4 teaspoon kosher salt. Have 42 grams (3 tablespoons) unsalted butter at room temperature.
Blend the butter into the zest-sugar mixture, cover and set aside until ready to use.
filling's ready! |
Prepare a medium loaf pan - butter it, line it with parchment and butter the parchment.
Once the dough has doubled, turn it onto a lightly floured work surface, give it a knead or two and roll it into a 9" square.
Spread the filling over the dough . . . .
then cut into 4 strips . . . .
and stack the strips on each other, filling side up (isn't this fun?!).
Then cut the stack into 4 piles . . . .
and line them up on their sides in the prepared loaf pan.
Love it!
Now it's time for the second rise so cover the pan lightly with plastic wrap, put it in a warm spot and let it rise until it reaches to just under the lip of the loaf pan. About an hour.
Heat the oven to 375ºF.
I forgot to take a picture before I popped it in the oven so I quickly snapped a shot at the start of the bake.
Bake until nicely browned and puffed, about 30-35 minutes. If the center sections seem soft, bake a few minutes more.
et voila! C'est fini! |
I must say the aroma during baking was delightful, clove or not. I couldn't wait to give it a try.
First let it cool about 15 minutes, then lift it out by the overhanging parchment and finish cooling on a rack.
The sections pulled apart easily. The interior had a soft, tender, sort of sweet-roll-like characteristic and the orange-sugar filling added just the right citrus note. And the clove wasn't bad either!
Steve liked the texture but didn't care much for the clove. Oh well.
I like the dough for sure - easy to mix and handle and nice texture.
Next time I'm thinking of replacing the orange zest with lemon zest and the clove with perhaps a bit of coriander and ginger. And maybe buttermilk instead of milk. One could throw in some chopped dried cherries, raisins or apricots too, depending on your flavor profile. Or some finely chopped nuts.
You make up your own and have some fun! You can do it.
Chocolate, cherry, black pepper bread
/As I move on through some of the recipes in the new sugar and spice by Samantha Seneviratne, I continue to find many of her ingredient combinations enticing (and intriguing). This one contains chopped dark chocolate, dried tart cherries and freshly ground black pepper, an idea that came to her after a glass of dark red wine that left her with those particular nuances of flavor.
Although the title calls this a bread, Samantha then proceeds to call it a cake in her short intro to the recipe. Call it what you will, the process is still the same. Essentially a quick bread, the preparation is straight forward.
When doing the mise en place, pay attention to the room temperature ingredients (butter, eggs, sour cream, whole milk) since the mixing of the batter proceeds more smoothly when these things are indeed at room temp. So plan accordingly.
Chop the chocolate and dried cherries and grind the black pepper ahead too.
Always read the recipe through before starting, right folks?!
So get everything ready and mix away.
les ingredients |
Heat the oven to 350ºF. Butter and flour a medium (4 1/2 by 8 1/2 inch) loaf pan.
In a medium bowl whisk together 260 grams (2 cups) all purpose flour, 1 1/2 teaspoons freshly ground pepper, 1 1/2 teaspoons baking powder, 1/2 teaspoon baking soda and 3/4 teaspoon kosher salt.
In a large bowl with an electric mixer, cream 113 grams (1 stick) room temperature, unsalted butter with 170 grams (3/4 cup) granulated sugar; beat this for about 3-4 minutes until pale and fluffy.
Add 2 room temperature eggs, one at a time, plus 1 teaspoon vanilla extract.
Add half of the flour mixture and combine on low speed, then add 1/2 cup room temperature sour cream and 1/4 cup room temperature whole milk and blend.
Add the remaining half of the flour mixture and blend until just combined.
Fold in 65 grams (about 1/2 cup) chopped dark chocolate (choose what you like in the 50-64% cacao range) and 113 grams (about 3/4 cup) chopped dried tart cherries.
Place the batter in the prepared loaf pan and sprinkle the top with raw sugar.
ready for the oven |
love that sparkly crunch! |
Bake this until golden brown and a cake tester poked into the center comes out with moist crumbs, about 50-60 minutes.
After a 15 minute cool down in the pan . . . .
turn it out onto a rack to finish cooling.
Mmmmm! |
Of course Steve and I just had to do a taste test while it was still a bit warm, so I sliced into this chocolate and cherry studded beauty.
The crust was crisp and crunchy from the raw sugar, the interior moist with a dense crumb and the flavor divine with a delicious combo of chocolate and cherry. The black pepper hit me on the finish - a nice tingle on the tongue.
I must admit I was a bit shy about using the full 1/1/2 teaspoons of pepper in the recipe, but Steve encouraged me to go for it, being the savory chef in our home kitchen (and a prolific pepperer to boot). He even suggested I add more. Imagine that!
At any rate, for the first go-around with this recipe I found the peppery-ness to be subtly just right, but next time I won't be so shy.
Good stuff indeed.
Now just imagine it served warm with a scoop of creamy vanilla or chocolate ice cream and some chocolate crumble. Oh yes.